Painful plantar heel is a relatively common clinical entity encountered by the health care professional who treats patients with foot complaints. Plantar fasciitis and calcaneal spurs are frequently associated with this condition. The most common etiology involves abnormal pronation with resultant increased tension forces developed in the structures attaching in the region of the calcaneal tuberosity. This article reviews the relevant anatomy, pathomechanics, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of the painful plantar heel patient. A course of treatment is suggested. J Ortho Sports Phys Ther 1987;9(1):17-24.