Autologous fat transfer is commonly used to correct soft tissue defects. Owing to insufficient data, its use as an adjunct in breast reconstruction surgery has been slow to gain acceptance. In recent years, fat transfer to the breast has gained popularity and, in view of this, this literature review was performed to assess the science and method behind its practice, specifically focusing on its possible use for breast reconstruction after surgery for breast cancer. In addition, the radiological sequelae following autologous fat transfer to the breast are summarised.