In a four-week double-blind study comparing alprazolam with oxazepam, 62 outpatients suffering from anxiety with depressive symptoms were evaluated. The average daily doses of alprazolam and oxazepam were 1.48 mg and 44.4 mg, respectively. According to all rating scales applied, both alprazolam and oxazepam were effective in relieving anxiety associated with mild depression (p less than 0.01). Alprazolam proved somewhat more effective than oxazepam especially with regard to overall performance (p less than 0.05). Treatment-emergent adverse effects were few and mild for both compounds tested.