Objective: To evaluate pregnancy rates after tubal microsurgical anastomosis.
Design: Retrospective study.
Setting: Private tertiary care center.
Patient(s): Two hundred sixty-one women undergoing tubal microsurgical anastomosis.
Intervention(s): Tubal anastomoses were performed by minilaparotomy using microsurgical principles and approximating proximal and distal tubal ends in a two-layer technique with 8-0 ethylon.
Main outcome measure(s): Pregnancy outcome was analyzed for the technique of sterilization, location of anastomosis, tubal length, age, and semen parameters.
Result(s): After exclusion of 89 patients lost to follow-up (34%) and 8 who did not attempt to conceive, 164 of the 261 patients were analyzed.The overall intrauterine pregnancy rate was 72.5%, with a miscarriage rate of 18% and a tubal pregnancy rate of 7.7%. Related to age, the cumulative intrauterine pregnancy rate was, respectively, 81%, 67%, 50%, and 12.5% for patients <36, 36-40, 40-43, and >43 years. Mean time to pregnancy was respectively 6.9, 6.2, and 12.7 months, respectively, for patients aged <36, 36-39, and 40-43 years According to the type of sterilization, intrauterine pregnancies occurred in 72% after ring sterilization, 78% after clip sterilization, 68% after coagulation, and 67% after Pomeroy sterilization. Intrauterine pregnancies and ectopic pregnancies, respectively, occurred in 80% and 3.4% in the isthmo-isthmic, 63% and 18% in the isthmo-ampullar, 75% and 8.3% in the isthmo-cornual, 100% and 0% in the ampullo-ampullar, and 60% and 0% in the ampullo-cornual anastomosis groups. Tubal length after anastomosis did not influence the pregnancy rate. In case of fertile sperm, the pregnancy rate was found to be 80%, and it decreased to 50% in case of subfertile semen.
Conclusion(s): Our results clearly demonstrate the validity of tubal microsurgical anastomosis, establishing a quasinormalization of the fertility potential and offering the opportunity for a spontaneous conception.