IL-4 inhibits VLA-4 expression on Tc1 cells resulting in poor tumor infiltration and reduced therapy benefit

Eur J Immunol. 2008 Oct;38(10):2865-73. doi: 10.1002/eji.200838334.

Abstract

We and others have previously demonstrated that IL-4-dependent Tc2 are inferior to Tc1-effector CD8+ T cells in regulating tumor progression in vivo. This functional disparity relates, in part, to the comparatively poor ability of Tc2 to migrate into diseased tissues. We now show that IL-4 treatment of committed Tc1 cells promotes the selective loss in the expression of very-late antigen (VLA)-4, without impacting the Tc1 cytokine production profile, cytotoxic activity, or expression of alternate cell surface markers. Down-regulation of VLA-4 expression on Tc1 cells was unique to treatment with IL-4 (i.e. Tc1IL-4) and did not occur in the presence of the Type-2 cytokine IL-13 or the regulatory cytokines IL-10 or TGF-beta. Notably, the inhibitory effects of IL-4 on Tc1 expression of VLA-4 could be blocked by the presence of IL-12, but not IFN-gamma. Predictably, Tc1IL-4 (but not Tc1 control) cells adhere poorly to plate-bound VCAM-1-Fc fusion protein and fail to be co-stimulated by VCAM-1 in vitro. They were also markedly impaired in their ability to traffic into intracranial melanoma lesions after adoptive transfer, yielding inferior therapeutic benefit to tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest a novel suppressive mechanism for IL-4 that limits Tc1 efficacy via preventing their recruitment into tumors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Down-Regulation
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Immunotherapy
  • Integrin alpha4beta1 / immunology
  • Integrin alpha4beta1 / metabolism*
  • Interferon-gamma / immunology
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Interleukin-12 / immunology
  • Interleukin-12 / metabolism
  • Interleukin-4 / immunology*
  • Interleukin-4 / pharmacology
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Melanoma, Experimental / immunology
  • Melanoma, Experimental / therapy
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Recombinant Proteins / immunology
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / metabolism
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / immunology
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / metabolism

Substances

  • Integrin alpha4beta1
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
  • Interleukin-12
  • Interleukin-4
  • Interferon-gamma