Bupropion is a new antidepressant medicine that is chemically distinct from previous agents. Clinical studies have shown it to be as effective as the standard antidepressant drugs currently used in the treatment of major depression. It is useful in patients resistant to other agents as well as in patients with atypical depression. Bupropion is 10 to 100 times less likely to induce cardiac conduction problems than the tricyclic drugs, and orthostatic hypotension is rare. Minimal anticholinergic effects account for its being generally well tolerated. The most common side effect is dry mouth. An epileptogenic potential is prominently reported. Because it may lower the convulsive threshold, bupropion is not recommended for individuals who may be predisposed to seizures. In people without an increased ictal risk factor, and when dosage is maintained at 450 mg/day or less in a divided schedule, the seizure rate is comparable to that of other antidepressant drugs.