The effect of milk physical training (PT) (group A), Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) diet (group B), and PT plus Type IV HLP diet on serum lipids (group C) in 46 men with Type IV HLP was studied. Significant reductions in mean triglyceride (TG) levels from 163, 229, 196, to 136, 145, 116 mg/100 ml serum were found for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Following six weeks of intervention, cholesterol levels also dropped for all groups with the greatest reductions occurring in groups B and C. Minimal weight losses were found for all groups while groups A and C displayed significant reductions in body fatness, but both of these changes appeared independent of lipid reductions. It was concluded that either mild PT or HLP diet or both are effective means of lowering TG levels in Type IV HLP individuals. Furthermore, it appears that patients need to participate regularly in formal programs in order to maintain adherence to these interventions.