Analysis of 451,891 canine uroliths, feline uroliths, and feline urethral plugs from 1981 to 2007: perspectives from the Minnesota Urolith Center

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2009 Jan;39(1):183-97. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2008.09.011.

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a general term referring to the causes and effects of stones anywhere in the urinary tract. Urolithiasis should not be viewed conceptually as a single disease with a single cause, but rather as a sequela of multiple interacting underlying abnormalities. Thus, the syndrome of urolithiasis may be defined as the occurrence of familial, congenital, or acquired pathophysiologic factors that, in combination, progressively increase the risk of precipitation of excretory metabolites in urine to form stones (ie, uroliths). The following epidemiologic discussion is based on quantitative analysis of 350,803 canine uroliths, 94,778 feline uroliths, and 6310 feline urethral plugs submitted to the Minnesota Urolith Center from 1981 to 2007.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed / adverse effects
  • Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
  • Animals
  • Breeding
  • Calcium Oxalate / analysis
  • Cat Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cat Diseases / etiology
  • Cat Diseases / prevention & control
  • Cats
  • Dog Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Dog Diseases / etiology
  • Dog Diseases / prevention & control
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Magnesium Compounds / analysis
  • Male
  • Minnesota / epidemiology
  • Phosphates / analysis
  • Risk Factors
  • Struvite
  • Urinary Calculi / chemistry
  • Urinary Calculi / epidemiology
  • Urinary Calculi / prevention & control
  • Urinary Calculi / veterinary*
  • Urolithiasis / epidemiology
  • Urolithiasis / etiology
  • Urolithiasis / prevention & control
  • Urolithiasis / veterinary*

Substances

  • Magnesium Compounds
  • Phosphates
  • Calcium Oxalate
  • Struvite