Power frequency magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukaemia: misclassification of exposure from the use of the 'distance from power line' exposure surrogate

Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Apr;30(3):183-8. doi: 10.1002/bem.20465.

Abstract

A recent study examining the relationship between distance to nearby power lines and childhood cancer risk re-opened the debate about which exposure metrics are appropriate for power frequency magnetic field investigations. Using data from two large population-based UK and German studies we demonstrate that distance to power lines is a comparatively poor predictor of measured residential magnetic fields. Even at proximities of 50 m or less, the positive predictive value of having a household measurement over 0.2 microT was only 19.4%. Clearly using distance from power lines, without taking account of other variables such as load, results in a poor proxy of residential magnetic field exposure. We conclude that such high levels of exposure misclassification render the findings from studies that rely on distance alone uninterpretable.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Electric Power Supplies / adverse effects*
  • Electromagnetic Fields
  • Environmental Exposure / adverse effects*
  • Germany
  • Housing
  • Humans
  • Leukemia / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / epidemiology*
  • Risk
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • United Kingdom