Background: Prognosis of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and renal dysfunction (RD) who received primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been fully investigated in the drug-eluting stent (DES) era. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of admission serum creatinine level on short-term outcomes in patients with acute STEMI undergoing DES-based primary PCI.
Methods: Primary PCI with DES implantation was attempted in 619 consecutive STEMI patients within 12 hours of symptom onset. Among them, 86 patients had a serum creatinine level > or = 115 micromol/L on admission (RD group), and the remaining 533 patients had normal renal function (non-RD group). The primary endpoint was 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including death, non-fatal reinfarction, and target vessel revascularization), and the secondary endpoint was subacute stent thrombosis.
Results: Patients in the RD group were older than those in the non-RD group. There are more female patients in the RD group and they had a history of hypertension, myocardial infarction and revascularization. The occurrence rates of Killip class > or = 2 (29.1% vs 18.6%, P = 0.02) and multi-vessel (62.8% vs 44.5%, P = 0.001) and triple vessel disease (32.6% vs 18.2%, P = 0.002), in-hospital mortality (9.3% vs 3.8%, P = 0.03), and MACE rate during hospitalization (17.4% vs 7.7%, P = 0.006) were higher in the RD group than those in the non-RD group. At a 30-day clinical follow-up, the MACE-free survival rate was significantly reduced in the RD group (76.7% vs 89.9%, P = 0.0003). Angiographic stent thrombosis occurred in 3 (3.5%) and 7 (1.3%) of patients in the RD group and non-RD group, respectively (P = 0.15). Multivariate analysis revealed that the serum creatinine level > or = 115 micromol/L on admission was an independent predictor for MACE rate at a 30-day follow-up (Hazard ratio (HR) 3.31, 95% CI 1.19 - 9.18, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Despite similar prevalence of stent thrombosis at a 30-day clinical follow-up, the short-term prognosis of STEMI patients with elevated serum creatinine on admission undergoing DES-based primary PCI remains unfavorable.