The chemical composition of the hydrodistillate won by steam distillation from the fruits of Serenoa repens (W. Bartram), a well known phytomedicine against benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), was analyzed by GC-MS. It resulted in the identification of 144 steam-volatile components including about 100 structures which have not been described as constituents of the fruits from S. repens so far. The main component detected was lauric acid (40.4 %).