Objective: To determine the changes in articular disk position and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structure in patients who had an asymmetric setback of the mandible performed by a bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy with manual positioning of the condyle.
Materials and methods: Twenty-two patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion being treated at Nara Medical University Hospital were evaluated using clinical examination and pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance images of their TMJs.
Results: Changes in articular disk position after asymmetric setback surgery were not statistically significant, although a tendency of anterior displacement in the fossa was noted. The anterior and posterior joint spaces did not show significant changes, whereas the condyle head of the deviated or contralateral side tended to be positioned downward.
Conclusion: The asymmetric setback of the mandible with intraoperative manual positioning of the condyle does not significantly change the disk position in the fossa.