Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate stimulates Ca(2+) entry, chemotaxis and ROS production in human granulocytes

Toxicol Lett. 2009 May 22;187(1):52-7. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.031. Epub 2009 Feb 7.

Abstract

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer widely used in polyvinyl chloride-based medical devices, is known to interfere with immune functions but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this in vitro study, we investigated DEHP effect on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)), chemotaxis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human granulocytes. DEHP increased [Ca(2+)](i) by inducing a Ca(2+) influx from the extracellular medium. The effect was slow and inhibitable both by the membrane cation channel blockers SKF96365, econazole and 2-aminoethoxy diphenylborate and by the protein kinase C activator phorbol myristate acetate. The plasticizer stimulated both cell chemotaxis and ROS production; however, only the latter effect was dependent on DEHP-induced Ca(2+) influx. Collectively, our results indicate that DEHP interaction with human granulocytes leads to multiple and independent effects, each potentially contributing to inappropriate cell activation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Boron Compounds / pharmacology
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / pharmacology
  • Calcium Signaling / drug effects
  • Chemotaxis / drug effects*
  • Diethylhexyl Phthalate / toxicity*
  • Drug Antagonism
  • Econazole / pharmacology
  • Granulocytes / drug effects*
  • Granulocytes / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plasticizers / toxicity*
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism*
  • Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / pharmacology

Substances

  • Boron Compounds
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Imidazoles
  • Plasticizers
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Econazole
  • Diethylhexyl Phthalate
  • 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate
  • 1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole
  • Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
  • Calcium