Slow motor responses to visual stimuli of low salience in autism

J Mot Behav. 2009 Oct;41(5):419-26. doi: 10.3200/35-08-042.

Abstract

The authors studied 2 tasks that placed differing demands on detecting relevant visual information and generating appropriate gaze shifts in adults and children with and without autism. In Experiment 1, participants fixated a cross and needed to make large gaze shifts, but researchers provided explicit instructions about shifting. Children with autism were indistinguishable from comparison groups in this top-down task. In Experiment 2 (bottom-up), a fixation cross remained or was removed prior to the presentation of a peripheral target of low visual salience. In this gap-effect experiment, children with autism showed lengthened reaction times overall but no specific deficit in overlap trials. The results show evidence of a general deficit in manual responses to visual stimuli of low salience and no evidence of a deficit in top-down attention shifting. Older children with autism appeared able to generate appropriate motor responses, but stimulus-driven visual attention seemed impaired.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aging / physiology
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Attention / physiology*
  • Autistic Disorder / physiopathology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Eye Movements / physiology*
  • Female
  • Field Dependence-Independence
  • Fixation, Ocular / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology*
  • Reaction Time / physiology*
  • Reference Values
  • Visual Perception / physiology*
  • Young Adult