Effectiveness of peer education interventions for HIV prevention in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIDS Educ Prev. 2009 Jun;21(3):181-206. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2009.21.3.181.

Abstract

Peer education for HIV prevention has been widely implemented in developing countries, yet the effectiveness of this intervention has not been systematically evaluated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer education interventions in developing countries published between January 1990 and November 2006. Standardized methods of searching and data abstraction were utilized. Merged effect sizes were calculated using random effects models. Thirty studies were identified. In meta-analysis, peer education interventions were significantly associated with increased HIV knowledge (odds ratio [OR]: 2.28; 95%, confidence interval [CI]:1.88, 2.75), reduced equipment sharing among injection drug users (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.67), and increased condom use (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.59, 2.33). Peer education programs had a nonsignificant effect on sexually transmitted infections (OR: 1.22; 95% CI:0.88, 1.71). Meta-analysis indicates that peer education programs in developing countries are moderately effective at improving behavioral outcomes but show no significant impact on biological outcomes. Further research is needed to determine factors that maximize the likelihood of program success.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Confidence Intervals
  • Developing Countries
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / prevention & control*
  • HIV Infections / transmission
  • Health Education*
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Odds Ratio
  • Peer Group*
  • Program Evaluation / methods*