Risk of conjunctival contamination from blood splashes during surgery at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi

East Afr Med J. 2008 Sep;85(9):432-7. doi: 10.4314/eamj.v85i9.9660.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the utilisation rate of design specific eye protection by surgeons and to assess the risk of conjunctival contamination with blood splashes during surgery.

Design: Cross sectional, observational study.

Setting: The theatre suite of Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi

Subjects: Surgeons from all specialties operating in the theatre suite.

Results: The minority of surgeons, 5.2% utilised protective eye goggles compared to 3.5% of assistants. Prescription eye spectacles were the most common form of eye protection at 41.9 and 20.9% respectively for surgeons and their assistants. The contamination rate for provided protective eye wear was 53.1% with the average number of droplets being 2.48 per procedure for the principal surgeon. The duration of surgery and the use of power tools influenced the contamination rate.

Conclusions: The utilisation rate of design specific protective eye wear is low and with a significant risk of conjunctival contamination, changes in attitudes and practices are needed to increase utilisation.

MeSH terms

  • Blood-Borne Pathogens*
  • Conjunctiva / microbiology*
  • Conjunctiva / virology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Eye Protective Devices*
  • General Surgery
  • Humans
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / prevention & control*
  • Kenya
  • Occupational Exposure / adverse effects
  • Occupational Exposure / prevention & control*
  • Occupational Health*
  • Personnel, Hospital
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Virus Diseases / prevention & control
  • Virus Diseases / transmission