Severe facial rubber bullet injuries: less lethal but extremely harmful weapons

Injury. 2010 Jan;41(1):73-6. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2009.05.018.

Abstract

Less-lethal rubber-bullet weapons are designed to induce blunt injuries that incapacitate violent individuals.

Aim and scope: We intend to study the functional and aesthetic impairments and the cost in terms of social health resulting from rubber-bullet facial trauma.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively collected all the facial trauma cases caused by mass-appeal, less-lethal guns followed up in two French university hospitals since the year 2000. We did not consider the facial injuries caused by professional, less-lethal, rubber or plastic bullet guns.

Conclusion: We showed that mass-appeal, less-lethal rubber-bullet guns induce severe traumas with irreversible functional consequences and long-term social implications. Victims of facial rubber-bullet traumas should be managed like high-energy trauma patients and benefit from extremely careful primary wound care.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Facial Injuries / complications
  • Facial Injuries / surgery*
  • Female
  • Firearms / classification
  • Firearms / legislation & jurisprudence
  • France
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods
  • Reoperation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rubber
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Infection / etiology
  • Wound Infection / therapy
  • Wounds, Gunshot / complications
  • Wounds, Gunshot / surgery*

Substances

  • Rubber