Sacroiliac luxation in the cat: defining a safe corridor in the dorsoventral plane for screw insertion in lag fashion

Vet Surg. 2009 Apr;38(3):343-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2009.00509.x.

Abstract

Objective: To define a safe corridor in the dorsoventral plane within the feline sacral body for placement of screws inserted in lag fashion for repair of sacroiliac luxation.

Study design: Anatomic study.

Sample population: Frozen cadaveric feline sacra.

Methods: Feline sacra (n=20) were used to perform a radiographic study to define a safe corridor to a depth of 66% of the sacral body width. Two drill start points (A and B) were evaluated. Dorsal exit from the safe corridor was considered unacceptable.

Results: Forty safe corridors were measured. The mean articular surface was 100+/-6.4 degrees from horizontal. Mean maximum, optimum, and minimum safe corridor drill angles from drill point A were 107+/-6.8 degrees , 97+/-6.9 degrees , and 87+/-7.2 degrees , respectively, from the articular surface. Mean maximum, optimum, and minimum angles from drill point B were 109+/-7.2 degrees , 99+/-7.1 degrees , and 89.5+/-7.2 degrees , respectively. Point B increased the risk of ventral exit from the sacral body.

Conclusions: Point A and a drill angle of 90+/-4 degrees for drilling of the feline sacral body is recommended. This margin for error risks ventral exit from the body in 23/40 (58%) of the sacra in this study. Reduction of the margin for error to +/-2 degrees would reduce the risk of ventral exit to 14/40 (35%) of the sacra in this study.

Clinical relevance: Drilling at 90 degrees to the feline sacral articular surface is recommended. Findings from this study present a strong case for use of angled drill guides.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Plates / veterinary
  • Bone Screws / veterinary*
  • Cadaver
  • Cats / anatomy & histology
  • Cats / injuries
  • Cats / surgery*
  • Female
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / methods
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal / veterinary*
  • Joint Dislocations / surgery
  • Joint Dislocations / veterinary*
  • Male
  • Radiography
  • Sacroiliac Joint / anatomy & histology
  • Sacroiliac Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Sacroiliac Joint / injuries
  • Sacroiliac Joint / surgery*