From May 1985 to June 1986, 21 water supply sources in 3 districts and 6 sub districts of Kaffa Administrative region, south west Ethiopia were surveyed. All together Eighty water samples were collected and bacteriological examinations were done in a public health laboratory in the region. The field survey have shown that the so called protected springs are in un desirable sanitary conditions. Bacteriological quality of the water was also found in unacceptable level (More than 50 coliform organisms per 100 ml. of samples). The poor quality of water may be responsible for the predominance of water born and related diseases observed in the region. Therefore a prior consideration should be given to improve the quality of water, and sewage disposal system. To obtain and maintain good quality water an integrated plan and work system between the various governmental agencies is crucial.