A rapidly maturing far-red derivative of DsRed-Express2 for whole-cell labeling

Biochemistry. 2009 Sep 8;48(35):8279-81. doi: 10.1021/bi900870u.

Abstract

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) with far-red excitation and emission are desirable for multicolor labeling and live-animal imaging. We describe E2-Crimson, a far-red derivative of the tetrameric FP DsRed-Express2. Unlike other far-red FPs, E2-Crimson is noncytotoxic in bacterial and mammalian cells. E2-Crimson is brighter than other far-red FPs and matures substantially faster than other red and far-red FPs. Approximately 40% of the E2-Crimson fluorescence signal is remarkably photostable. With an excitation maximum at 611 nm, E2-Crimson is the first FP that is efficiently excited with standard far-red lasers. We show that E2-Crimson has unique applications for flow cytometry and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Cellular Structures
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Flow Cytometry
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Luminescent Proteins*
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence / methods*
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton
  • Protein Engineering / methods
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins*
  • Red Fluorescent Protein
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / methods
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / statistics & numerical data*

Substances

  • Luminescent Proteins
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • fluorescent protein 583