Abstract
Gastrointestinal hormones including gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide (GLP) -1 are incretin, which are secreted immediately after meal ingestion and stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells. Characterization of extra-pancreatic GIP and GLP-1 receptors has revealed that these hormones regulate bone turnover. GIP intermittently stimulates osteoblasts and GLP-1 suppresses osteoclasts through a calcitonin-dependent pathway to increase the bone volume.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Bone and Bones / metabolism*
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Calcitonin / physiology
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Eating / physiology
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Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / metabolism
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Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / physiology
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Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / metabolism
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Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / physiology
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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
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Humans
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Incretins / metabolism
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Incretins / physiology*
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Insulin / metabolism
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Insulin Secretion
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Insulin-Secreting Cells / metabolism
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Osteoblasts / physiology
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Osteoclasts / physiology
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Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone / physiology
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Receptors, Glucagon / physiology
Substances
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GLP1R protein, human
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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
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Incretins
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Insulin
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Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone
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Receptors, Glucagon
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Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
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Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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Calcitonin
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gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor