Eprosartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (angiotensin II receptor blocker [ARB]) used in the treatment of hypertension. In large, randomized trials, eprosartan (with or without hydrochlorothiazide [HCTZ]) demonstrated superior antihypertensive efficacy to that of placebo and, when administered at comparable dosage regimens, had similar blood pressure-lowering effects to enalapril. Eprosartan was generally well tolerated in clinical trials and had a lower incidence of persistent dry cough than enalapril. Eprosartan has a neutral effect on metabolic parameters, such as serum lipid levels and glucose homeostasis, and a low propensity for pharmacokinetic drug interactions. The use of eprosartan or other ARBs in combination with HCTZ tends to reverse the potassium loss associated with thiazide diuretics. Independent of its antihypertensive effects, eprosartan was associated with improved clinical outcomes (primary composite endpoint of all causes of mortality and all cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including all recurrent events) compared with nitrendipine in a randomized, secondary prevention trial in hypertensive patients with previous cerebrovascular events (MOSES trial). Eprosartan also reduced blood pressure and was associated with a modest improvement in cognitive function in a large observational study in patients > or =50 years of age with newly diagnosed hypertension (OSCAR study). In both of these trials, additional antihypertensive therapy, such as HCTZ, was permitted. Therefore, eprosartan is a useful treatment option in the management of a broad range of patients with hypertension, and its use with HCTZ provides a rational combination regimen.