Severe pneumonia associated with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 outbreak, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

Abstract

We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of adults hospitalized with pneumonia during the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 outbreak. Patients admitted to a general hospital in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, from April 10 through May 11, 2009, suspected to have influenza virus-associated pneumonia were evaluated. We identified 50 patients with suspected influenza pneumonia; the presence of influenza virus was confirmed in 18: 11 with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, 5 with unsubtypeable influenza A virus, 1 with seasonal influenza A virus (H3N2), and 1 in whom assay results for seasonal and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viruses were positive. Eighteen patients were treated in the intensive care unit, and 10 died. During the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 outbreak, severe pneumonia developed in young adults who had no identifiable risk factors; early diagnosis and treatment of influenza virus infections may have a determinant role in outcome.

Figure

Weekly number of acute respiratory infections (ARI) reported in the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico (no. of cases × 100, light blue area); weekly number of ARI visits at the emergency department of Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto” (dark blue area); and weekly percentage of samples positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; orange area) or influenza (red area), Virology Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, during January 2008 through May 2009.