Physiological development, motor activity, and cognitive functions were studied in rats subjected to acute normobaric hypoxic hypoxia (3 h at an O2 concentration of 7%) at different stages of embryogenesis (days E14 or E18). Prenatal hypoxia was found to lead to delays in physiological development and the establishment of motor behavior during the first month of postnatal ontogenesis. These changes were more marked in rats subjected to hypoxia on day 14 of intrauterine development and disappeared with age. In adult rats, regardless of the timing of exposure to hypoxia (E14 or E18), learning ability was degraded and long-term and short-term memory were impaired. These results suggest that exposure to the pathogenic factor during the main period of neuroblast generation and migration (E14) was significant both for physiological development and the establishment of motor behavior in the animals and for the execution of the cognitive functions of the brain, while exposure during the period at which maturation and differentiation processes dominate in the brain (E18) was more significant in relation to the execution of cognitive functions.