Calcium metabolism in health and disease
- PMID: 20089499
- DOI: 10.2215/CJN.05910809
Calcium metabolism in health and disease
Abstract
This brief review focuses on calcium balance and homeostasis and their relationship to dietary calcium intake and calcium supplementation in healthy subjects and patients with chronic kidney disease and mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBD). Calcium balance refers to the state of the calcium body stores, primarily in bone, which are largely a function of dietary intake, intestinal absorption, renal excretion, and bone remodeling. Bone calcium balance can be positive, neutral, or negative, depending on a number of factors, including growth, aging, and acquired or inherited disorders. Calcium homeostasis refers to the hormonal regulation of serum ionized calcium by parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and serum ionized calcium itself, which together regulate calcium transport at the gut, kidney, and bone. Hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia indicate serious disruption of calcium homeostasis but do not reflect calcium balance on their own. Calcium balance studies have determined the dietary and supplemental calcium requirements needed to optimize bone mass in healthy subjects. However, similar studies are needed in CKD-MBD, which disrupts both calcium balance and homeostasis, because these data in healthy subjects may not be generalizable to this patient group. Importantly, increasing evidence suggests that calcium supplementation may enhance soft tissue calcification and cardiovascular disease in CKD-MBD. Further research is needed to elucidate the risks and mechanisms of soft tissue calcification with calcium supplementation in both healthy subjects and CKD-MBD patients.
Similar articles
-
Contribution of intestine, bone, kidney, and dialysis to extracellular fluid calcium content.Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Jan;5 Suppl 1:S12-22. doi: 10.2215/CJN.05970809. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010. PMID: 20089498 Review.
-
Prevention and control of phosphate retention/hyperphosphatemia in CKD-MBD: what is normal, when to start, and how to treat?Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Feb;6(2):440-6. doi: 10.2215/CJN.05130610. Epub 2011 Feb 3. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011. PMID: 21292848 Review.
-
Impact of disturbances of calcium and phosphate metabolism on vascular calcification and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.Blood Purif. 2009;27(4):350-9. doi: 10.1159/000209248. Epub 2009 Mar 18. Blood Purif. 2009. PMID: 19295198 Review.
-
Bone health in chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disease.Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007 Jan;14(1):27-36. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2006.10.010. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2007. PMID: 17200041 Review.
-
[Electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders in advanced chronic kidney disease].Nefrologia. 2008;28 Suppl 3:87-93. Nefrologia. 2008. PMID: 19018744 Spanish.
Cited by
-
Rapid method for screening of both calcium and magnesium chelation with comparison of 21 known metal chelators.J Biol Inorg Chem. 2024 Oct 18. doi: 10.1007/s00775-024-02078-6. Online ahead of print. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2024. PMID: 39422739
-
Calciprotein particles induce arterial stiffening ex vivo and impair vascular cell function.Commun Biol. 2024 Oct 2;7(1):1241. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06895-y. Commun Biol. 2024. PMID: 39358413 Free PMC article.
-
Impact of Metal Ions on Cellular Functions: A Focus on Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Differentiation.Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 20;25(18):10127. doi: 10.3390/ijms251810127. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. PMID: 39337612 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Evaluation of the systemic effect of bone formation marker released by endodontic calcium silicate-based sealers in local tissues, the bloodstream, and body organs.Odontology. 2024 Sep 21. doi: 10.1007/s10266-024-00993-3. Online ahead of print. Odontology. 2024. PMID: 39305358
-
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and parkinsonism as the first manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism - a report of two cases.Endocrine. 2024 Sep 18. doi: 10.1007/s12020-024-04041-6. Online ahead of print. Endocrine. 2024. PMID: 39292367
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
