The role of the thalamus in memory is potentially very complex. However, most studies on the memory impairments of thalamic lesions have focused on retrospective memory, rarely on prospective memory. To explore the effect of thalamic lesions on event-based prospective memory (EBPM) and time-based prospective memory (TBPM), respectively, and to verify the hypothesis that the thalamus is involved in the prospective memory, EBPM and TBPM tasks were administered to 18 thalamic stroke patients and 18 age- and education-matched healthy controls. In the EBPM task, subjects were asked to perform an action whenever particular words were presented. In the TBPM task, subjects were asked to perform an action at certain times. Compared with the performance of healthy controls on EBPM and TBPM tasks (EBPM, 4.3 +/- 1.5; TBPM, 5.4 +/- 1.0), there was a significant difference in the performance of thalamic stroke patients in the TBPM tasks (2.4 +/- 1.6), but no difference was found in EBPM tasks (3.7 +/- 1.1). These results may indicate that the thalamus is involved in PM and particularly in TBPM.
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