Surveillance for the detection of recurrent ovarian cancer: survival impact or lead-time bias?

Gynecol Oncol. 2010 May;117(2):336-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.01.014. Epub 2010 Feb 12.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the survival impact of diagnosing recurrent disease by routine surveillance testing versus clinical symptomatology in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who have achieved a complete response following primary therapy.

Methods: We identified all patients who underwent primary surgery for EOC at two institutions between 1/1997 and 12/2004 and were diagnosed with recurrent disease following a complete clinical response to primary chemotherapy. Survival and post-recurrence management were compared between asymptomatic patients in which recurrent disease was diagnosed at a scheduled visit by routine surveillance testing and symptomatic patients in which recurrent disease was diagnosed based on clinical symptomatology at an unscheduled office visit or hospitalization.

Results: Of the 121 patients that met inclusion criteria, 22 (18.2%) were diagnosed with a symptomatic recurrence. Median primary PFS was similar for asymptomatic and symptomatic patients (24.8 versus 22.6 months, P = 0.36); however, post-recurrence survival was significantly greater in asymptomatic patients (45.0 versus 29.4 months, P = 0.006). Secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCRS) was attempted equally in both groups (41% versus 32%, P = NS); however, optimal residual disease (<or=5mm) was more often achieved in asymptomatic patients (90% versus 57%, P = 0.053). On multivariate analysis, detection of asymptomatic recurrence was a significant and independent predictor of improved overall survival (P = 0.001). Median OS was significantly greater for asymptomatic patients (71.9 versus 50.7 months, P = 0.004).

Conclusions: In patients with platinum-sensitive EOC, detection of asymptomatic recurrences by routine surveillance testing was associated with a high likelihood of optimal SCRS in operative candidates and extended overall survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hysterectomy
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnosis*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / surgery
  • Ovariectomy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Taxoids / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Bridged-Ring Compounds
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Taxoids
  • taxane