Objective: To review cutting-edge, novel, implemented and potential translational research and to provide a glimpse into rich, innovative, and brilliant approaches to everyday surgical problems.
Data sources: Scientific literature and unpublished results.
Study selection: Articles reviewed were chosen based on innovation and application to surgical diseases.
Data extraction: Each section was written by a surgeon familiar with cutting-edge and novel research in their field of expertise and interest.
Data synthesis: Articles that met criteria were summarized in the manuscript.
Conclusions: Multiple avenues have been used for the discovery of improved means of diagnosis, treatment, and overall management of patients with surgical diseases. These avenues have incorporated the use of genomics, electrical impedence, statistical and mathematical modeling, and immunology.