Multiorgan failure from 1-benzylpiperazine ingestion--legal high or lethal high?

Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Mar;48(3):230-3. doi: 10.3109/15563651003592948.

Abstract

Introduction: 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) is synthetic stimulant. It was legal and openly sold in New Zealand before October 1, 2008. Two cases of life-threatening toxicity associated with BZP use are reported in detail in this article.

Cases: Case one describes an adult female who developed status epilepticus, hyperthermia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis, and renal failure associated with a BZP ingestion. Case two developed a similar pattern of toxicity from the combined use of BZP and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine. Both cases required prolonged hospital care but survived.

Discussion: There have been reports of deaths associated with the combined ingestion of BZP and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine. The effects may possibly be synergistic when co-ingested. Case one suggests that BZP alone has the potential to cause serious sympathomimetic toxicity.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Drug Synergism
  • Female
  • Hallucinogens / toxicity
  • Humans
  • Illicit Drugs / toxicity*
  • Male
  • Multiple Organ Failure / chemically induced*
  • N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / toxicity*
  • Piperazines / toxicity*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / complications
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Hallucinogens
  • Illicit Drugs
  • Piperazines
  • 1-benzylpiperazine
  • N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine