Radical prostatectomy in older men: survival outcomes in septuagenarians and octogenarians

Abstract

Objective: To examine the survival outcomes of septuagenarians and octogenarians (aged > or =80 years) who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) at our institution, as the US Preventive Services Task Force recently released recommendations that men aged > or =75 years should not be screened for prostate cancer.

Patients and methods: Our institutional RP database (1982-2008) was queried for men aged > or =70 years at the time of surgery to evaluate actuarial survival after RP; 386 aged 70-81 years (median 71) underwent RP. The median (range) follow-up was 6.5 (1-22) years. Clinicopathological characteristics and mortality data were evaluated; mortality data were gathered through Social Security Administration Death Index and causes of death were confirmed with the Center for Disease Control National Death Index information. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate cause-specific survival.

Results: Ten patients (2.6%) had clinical stage T1a-b, 213 (55.3%) had T1c, and 143 (37.1%) had T2 prostate cancer. The median (range) preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 6.2 (0.2-49.9) ng/mL, and the biopsy and pathological Gleason sum was 6 (3-9) and 7 (4-9), respectively. Causes of death included prostate cancer (17), other malignancies (14), cardiovascular causes (14), neurological disease (four), pneumonia (two) and accident (one). The prostate cancer-specific survival rate was 97.6%, 94.0% and 90.2% at 5, 10 and 15 years after RP, respectively; the respective cardiovascular survival rate was 99.5%, 97.6% and 92.5%, and the overall survival rate was 93.1%, 82.5% and 68.9%, respectively.

Conclusions: If appropriately selected, older men have excellent overall and prostate-cancer specific survival after RP. The benefits of surgery should be weighed against the increased risks of surgical and anaesthetic complications.