The epidemiology of osteosarcoma
- PMID: 20213383
- DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0284-9_1
The epidemiology of osteosarcoma
Abstract
Osteosarcoma derives from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells and is the most common primary bone malignancy. The incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals of osteosarcoma for all races and both sexes are 4.0 (3.5-4.6) for the range 0-14 years and 5.0 (4.6-5.6) for the range 0-19 years per year per million persons. Among childhood cancers, osteosarcoma occurs eighth in general incidence and in the following order: leukemia (30%), brain and other nervous system cancers (22.3%), neuroblastoma (7.3%), Wilms tumor (5.6%), Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (4.5%), rhabdomyosarcoma (3.1%), retinoblastoma (2.8%), osteosarcoma (2.4%), and Ewing sarcoma (1.4%). The incidence rates of childhood and adolescent osteosarcoma with 95% confidence intervals areas follows: Blacks, 6.8/year/million; Hispanics, 6.5/year/million; and Caucasians, 4.6/year/million. Osteosarcoma has a bimodal age distribution, having the first peak during adolescence and the second peak in older adulthood. The first peak is in the 10-14-year-old age group, coinciding with the pubertal growth spurt. This suggests a close relationship between the adolescent growth spurt and osteosarcoma. The second osteosarcoma peak is in adults older than 65 years of age; it is more likely to represent a second malignancy, frequently related to Paget's disease. The incidence of osteosarcoma has always been considered to be higher in males than in females, occurring at a rate of 5.4 per million persons per year in males vs. 4.0 per million in females, with a higher incidence in blacks (6.8 per million persons per year) and Hispanics (6.5 per million), than in whites (4.6 per million). Osteosarcoma commonly occurs in the long bones of the extremities near the metaphyseal growth plates. The most common sites are the femur (42%, with 75% of tumors in the distal femur), the tibia (19%, with 80% of tumors in the proximal tibia), and the humerus (10%, with 90% of tumors in the proximal humerus). Other likely locations are the skull or jaw (8%) and the pelvis (8%). Cancer deaths due to bone and joint malignant neoplasms represent 8.9% of all childhood and adolescent cancer deaths. Death rates for osteosarcoma have been declining by about 1.3% per year. The overall 5-year survival rate for osteosarcoma is 68%, without significant gender difference. The age of the patient is correlated with the survival, with the poorest survival among older patients. Complete surgical excision is important to ensure an optimum outcome. Tumor staging, presence of metastases, local recurrence, chemotherapy regimen, anatomic location, size of the tumor, and percentage of tumor cells destroyed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy have effects on the outcome.
Similar articles
-
Bone tumours in European children and adolescents, 1978-1997. Report from the Automated Childhood Cancer Information System project.Eur J Cancer. 2006 Sep;42(13):2124-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.05.015. Eur J Cancer. 2006. PMID: 16919776
-
Epidemiology of bone tumors in Mexico City: retrospective clinicopathologic study of 566 patients at a referral institution.Ann Diagn Pathol. 2009 Feb;13(1):16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2008.07.005. Epub 2008 Sep 9. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2009. PMID: 19118777
-
[Descriptive epidemiology of Ewing's tumor--analysis of German patients from (EI)CESS 1980-1997].Klin Padiatr. 1999 Jul-Aug;211(4):271-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1043799. Klin Padiatr. 1999. PMID: 10472561 German.
-
Diagnosis and management of bone malignancy in adolescence.Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2007 May;18(1):62-78, ix. Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2007. PMID: 18605391 Review.
-
Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma).Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007 Jan 23;2:6. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-2-6. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007. PMID: 17244349 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
-AI-assisted diagnostic potential of CT in bone oncology and its impact on clinical decision-making for intensive care.J Bone Oncol. 2024 Sep 29;48:100639. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100639. eCollection 2024 Oct. J Bone Oncol. 2024. PMID: 39430915 Free PMC article.
-
Craniofacial primary well-differentiated low-grade central osteosarcoma in a paediatric patient: a case report.Ecancermedicalscience. 2024 Aug 29;18:1752. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2024.1752. eCollection 2024. Ecancermedicalscience. 2024. PMID: 39421186 Free PMC article.
-
Chronic hearing loss turns out being a calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm with FN1::FGFR2 fusion.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Oct 15. doi: 10.1007/s00405-024-09024-x. Online ahead of print. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2024. PMID: 39404883
-
Anticipating Leucovorin Rescue Therapy in Patients with Osteosarcoma through Methotrexate Population Pharmacokinetic Model.Pharmaceutics. 2024 Sep 6;16(9):1180. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091180. Pharmaceutics. 2024. PMID: 39339216 Free PMC article.
-
The efficacy of gemcitabine and docetaxel chemotherapy for the treatment of relapsed and refractory osteosarcoma: A systematic review and pre-clinical study.Cancer Med. 2024 Sep;13(18):e70248. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70248. Cancer Med. 2024. PMID: 39315544 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
