Obesity and type 2 diabetes are strongly associated with increased inflammation. As the inflammation in adipose tissue increases, this becomes a strong driving force for the development of increased systemic inflammation that results in metabolic syndrome, eventually followed by the development of overt type 2 diabetes. The potential reversal of both conditions can be achieved by reducing the levels of inflammation through the use of an anti-inflammatory diet. The composition of such a diet and its molecular mode of action will be discussed.