Not just another case of nausea and vomiting: a review of postinfectious gastroparesis

Abstract

Purpose: To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of postinfectious gastroparesis (PIGP).

Data sources: Review of literature using Medscape, the Internet, and PubMed. The following search terms were used: gastroparesis, postinfectious gastroparesis, postviral gastroparesis, and idiopathic gastroparesis. There was no limitation placed on publication year. Only articles in English were used.

Conclusions: PIGP is a rare illness that can affect all ages and both genders, although more prominent in middle-aged women. It is defined as delayed gastric emptying after an acute self-limited viral infection in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Limited research is available on PIGP. It is a complicated disorder with an unclear pathogenesis and narrow treatment options, therefore affecting the patient's quality of life significantly. Fortunately, the prognosis of PIGP is good, although in some instances it can take years to recover completely.

Implications for practice: There is a huge lack of awareness of PIGP among primary care providers (PCPs). The importance of this illness is greatly underestimated. Educating PCPs about PIGP leads to quicker referrals and therefore faster treatment for patients, which in turn improves their health and quality of life, and thereby decreases healthcare costs as well.