Effects of lifting tempo on one repetition maximum and hormonal responses to a bench press protocol

J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Feb;25(2):406-13. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf053b.

Abstract

This study was carried out in 2 parts: part 1 was designed to measure the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press with 2 different moderate-velocity tempos (2/0/2) vs. (2/0/4) in male lifters while part 2 compared the hormonal responses at the same tempos as described in part 1. In both parts 1 and 2, the 1RMs (lbs) were higher on the 2/0/2 tempo than on the 2/0/4 tempo. The change in plasma volume (PV) was greater after the 2/0/4 tempo (-5.7 ± 1.7% vs. 0.96 ± 1.2%, p < 0.05). All blood parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) higher post-exercise compared with baseline. With PV corrected, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (ng·mL⁻¹) was higher with the 2/0/2 tempo only (pre-exercise: 277.4 ± 21.8, post-exercise: 308.1 ± 22.9; 2/0/4 tempo pre-exercise: 277.2 ± 17.6, post-exercise: 284.8 ± 21.2). In conclusion, heavier loads can be lifted and more total work can be performed using a (2/0/2) tempo compared with a slower (2/0/4) tempo, but with the exception of IGF-1, the hormonal responses are similar. Individuals may get the same metabolic responses to training by using different tempos, but they will need to use less weight at a slower tempo.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cohort Studies
  • Creatine Kinase / blood
  • Energy Metabolism / physiology
  • Heart Rate / physiology
  • Human Growth Hormone / blood
  • Humans
  • Hydrocortisone / blood
  • Lactates / blood
  • Male
  • Physical Endurance / physiology
  • Physical Exertion / physiology*
  • Reference Values
  • Resistance Training / methods*
  • Testosterone / blood*
  • Time Factors
  • Weight Lifting / physiology*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Lactates
  • Human Growth Hormone
  • Testosterone
  • Creatine Kinase
  • Hydrocortisone