Alternative lengthening of telomeres: models, mechanisms and implications

Nat Rev Genet. 2010 May;11(5):319-30. doi: 10.1038/nrg2763. Epub 2010 Mar 30.

Abstract

Unlimited cellular proliferation depends on counteracting the telomere attrition that accompanies DNA replication. In human cancers this usually occurs through upregulation of telomerase activity, but in 10-15% of cancers - including some with particularly poor outcome - it is achieved through a mechanism known as alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). ALT, which is dependent on homologous recombination, is therefore an important target for cancer therapy. Although dissection of the mechanism or mechanisms of ALT has been challenging, recent advances have led to the identification of several genes that are required for ALT and the elucidation of the biological significance of some phenotypic markers of ALT. This has enabled development of a rapid assay of ALT activity levels and the construction of molecular models of ALT.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Models, Genetic
  • Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Recombination, Genetic
  • Telomere / metabolism*
  • Telomere-Binding Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Telomere-Binding Proteins