Esophageal cancer: definitive chemoradiotherapy for elderly patients

Abstract

To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Twenty-two patients aged over 75 that performed definitive CRT were retrospectively reviewed. The regimen included concurrent CRT consisting of two cycles of chemotherapy (CTx) of platinum and 5-fluorouracil, and radiation therapy (RT) of 50-50.4 Gy (actual range: 45.4-71.4 Gy), and additional CTx where possible. Both CTx and RT were reduced in dose and field where necessary. The disease-free survival rate and the overall survival rate at 3 years were 33.3% ± 11.4% and 25.9% ± 10.8%. Grade 4 leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in three (14%) and four (18%) patients. Treatment-related death was suspected in up to four (18%) patients at the most. Univariate analyses for disease-free survival showed that neither total radiation dose nor number of total cycles of CTx was significant. The pattern of relapse was predominantly more frequent in the intra-RT field than outside the RT field. For elderly patients, adverse events are frequent, and decreased organ reserve may cause treatment-related death. Reduction in CTx dose or RT field, appropriate only for two cycles of CTx, and careful monitoring may help to minimize toxicity. Physicians should not be too afraid of adverse events or be negative about CRT for elderly patients, as long as comorbidities and complications are managed carefully.