The antitermite (termiticidal and antifeedant) activity of Protium javanicum Burm. f. extract was investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction was active. Scopoletin (1), quercetin, and stigmasterol were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation. Scopoletin had the highest activity among the three compounds. In order to investigate the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the methoxy and hydroxy groups at the C-6 and C-7 positions of the coumarin skeleton, we synthesized several coumarin derivatives whose chemical structures are similar to scopoletin. Scopoletin exhibited the strongest termiticidal activity among the 10 compounds tested, followed by 6-methoxycoumarin (3), 6-hydroxycoumarin (7), and umbelliferone (8). All compounds except coumarin (9) showed antifeedant activity.