Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: outcome of treatment

Abstract

Aim: To determine the outcome of antiviral treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients from Singapore National Eye Centre with CMV anterior uveitis diagnosed by aqueous polymerase chain reaction. Ganciclovir treatment consisted of systemic, topical, intravitreal injections or intravitreal implant. The main outcome measure was resolution of anterior chamber inflammation.

Results: 72 eyes of 70 patients were positive for CMV DNA. 35 eyes were treated (23 eyes with acute recurrent anterior uveitis and 12 eyes with chronic anterior uveitis). Eyes that did not respond or recurred with one treatment may receive another course of treatment. There were 47 treatment episodes, 36 (76.6%) of which resulted in a response. However, there were 27 (75.0%) episodes of recurrences after stopping treatment. Systemic and intravitreal ganciclovir and ganciclovir implant had good response rates but also had very high recurrence rates. Ganciclovir gel had moderate response rates, but its recurrence rates were also lower than those of the other modalities.

Conclusions: Ganciclovir gel had lower recurrence rates than the systemic ganciclovir and the implant and should be considered as an option for treatment of CMV anterior uveitis.