The eukaryotic genome contains varying numbers of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes. "Computational RNomics" takes a multidisciplinary approach, like information science, to resolve the structure and function of ncRNAs. Here, we review the main issues in "Computational RNomics" of data storage and management, ncRNA gene identification and characterization, ncRNA target identification and functional prediction, and we summarize the main methods and current content of "computational RNomics".