Consensus: New methodologies for brain stimulation

Brain Stimul. 2009 Jan;2(1):2-13. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2008.09.007. Epub 2008 Oct 7.

Abstract

We briefly summarized several new stimulation techniques. There are many new methods of human brain stimulation, including modification of already known methods and brand-new methods. In this article, we focused on theta burst stimulation (TBS), repetitive monophasic pulse stimulation, paired- and quadri-pulse stimulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), paired associative stimulation, controllable pulse shape TMS (cTMS), and deep-brain TMS. For every method, we summarized the state of the art and discussed issues that remain to be addressed.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Brain / anatomy & histology
  • Brain / physiology
  • Evoked Potentials, Motor / physiology
  • Humans
  • Muscle Contraction / physiology
  • Theta Rhythm
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / instrumentation
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / methods*
  • Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / instrumentation
  • Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / methods*