To evaluate the therapeutic results of hemivertebra excision through combined anterior and posterior approach followed by short-segment spinal fusion with transpedicular instrumentation in children. Clinical and radiological evaluations were conducted before and after operation and at the follow-up examination. Cobb angles of segmental curve, total main curve, compensatory curves (cranial and cauda) and kyphosis were recorded. All the cases showed satisfactory results, the mean Cobb angle of segment curve was 45.3° before surgery and 14.9° after surgery with 67.1% correction, and 13.5° at the final follow-up assessment with 70.2% correction. Total main curves improved from 47.6 to 18.2° with 61.8% correction, and 16.0° at the final follow-up. Cranial and caudal compensatory curves were improved gradually during follow-up. Kyphosis of the spine also improved obviously. If the operation was performed before the maturity of bone, the secondary spinal deformities could be effectively avoided.