The pathophysiologic mechanisms of anaphylactic shock still remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the changes of expression and translation of SOCS1/SOCS3 in the heart, lungs, kidney, liver and spleen from patients who died of anaphylactic shock. Samples from the same viscera of 8 patients who died of anaphylactic shock and 8 healthy controls who died from accidents were collected in the present study. The level of IgE was measured in heart, and SOCS1/ SOCS3 mRNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. As a result, the higher IgE level was detected in the blood samples from the patients' heart than the control. SOCS1 and SOCS3 protein were significantly increased in the kidney and liver than the control. After anaphylactic shock, the expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA were also increased. The expression level of SOCS3 mRNA was higher than that of SOCS1 in all viscera, and both were the highest in liver and kidney. There was a positive correlation between SOCS1 mRNA and SOCS3 mRNA in liver and kidney after anaphylactic shock. Our results indicate that SOCS1 and SOCS3 may play a regulatory role in anaphylactic shock viscera injury processes during anaphylactic shock.