The Dutch evidence-based guideline 'Coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis' contains instructions for detection and treatment of coeliac disease. Coeliac disease has a high prevalence: 0.5 - 1.3%. The disease has a broad spectrum of symptoms, frequently also outside the gastrointestinal tract. Relatives of patients and persons with autoimmune diseases, microscopic colitis, IgA deficiency and syndromes of Down, Turner and Williams have an increased risk of coeliac disease. Detection is carried out by determination of IgA antibodies to tissue transglutaminase and endomysium. Testing for IgA antibodies to gliadin is only recommended in children younger than 2 years. Absence of HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 indicates that coeliac disease is most unlikely. The diagnosis should be confirmed by small bowel biopsy. Single biopsy following gluten ingestion is sufficient for diagnosis at all ages. After the diagnosis, patients should be referred to a dietician. Additionally, a yearly follow-up by a paediatrician or internal medical specialist with appropriate gastroenterology specialisation is recommended.