Long-term skin damage due to chemical weapon exposure

Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011 Mar;30(1):64-8. doi: 10.3109/15569527.2010.529547. Epub 2010 Nov 4.

Abstract

Sulfur mustard (2,2-dichlorodiethyl sulfide: SM), the protagonist of vesicant chemical weapons, was first used in July 1917. Despite prohibition of its production and use by international conventions, it has been used in several conflicts. More than 100,000 soldiers and civilians were injured due to SM exposure during Iran-Iraq war (1980-1988). The acute skin lesions consist of erythema, edema, and blisters. Skin xerosis and pruritus, pigmentation disorders, scars, and cherry angiomas are among the most common long-term skin lesions after contact with SM. Although SM is a well-known carcinogenic substance, skin cancers are rarely reported.

MeSH terms

  • Chemical Warfare Agents / toxicity*
  • Chronic Disease
  • Dermatologic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Mustard Gas / toxicity*
  • Skin / drug effects*
  • Skin / pathology
  • Skin Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Skin Diseases / pathology
  • Skin Diseases / therapy

Substances

  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Dermatologic Agents
  • Mustard Gas