Major adverse cardiac events and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by computed tomography coronary angiography in an outpatient population with suspected or known coronary artery disease

J Thorac Imaging. 2012 Jan;27(1):23-8. doi: 10.1097/RTI.0b013e3181f55d0d.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of 64-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD).

Materials and methods: Seven hundred and sixty-seven consecutive patients (496 men, age 62±11 y) with suspected or known heart disease referred to an outpatient clinic underwent 64-slice CTCA. The patients were followed for the occurrence of MACE (ie, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina).

Results: Eleven thousand five hundred and sixty-four coronary segments were assessed. Of these, 178 (1.5%) were not assessable because of insufficient image quality. Overall, CTCA revealed the absence of CAD in 219 (28.5%) patients, nonobstructive CAD (coronary plaque ≤50%) in 282 (36.8%) patients, and obstructive CAD in 266 (34.7%) patients. A total of 21 major cardiac events (4 cardiac deaths, 12 myocardial infarctions, and 5 unstable angina) occurred during a mean follow-up of 20 months. One noncardiac death occurred. Seventeen events occurred in the group of patients with obstructive CAD, and 4 events occurred in the group with nonobstructive CAD. The event rate was 0% among patients with normal coronary arteries at CTCA. In multivariate analysis, the presence of obstructive CAD and diabetes were the only independent predictors of MACE.

Conclusions: Coronary plaque evaluation by CTCA provides an independent prognostic value for the prediction of MACE. Patients with normal CTCA findings have an excellent prognosis at follow-up.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Algorithms
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Contrast Media
  • Coronary Angiography / methods*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / complications*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging*
  • Electrocardiography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Iopamidol / analogs & derivatives
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Radiation Dosage
  • Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • iomeprol
  • Iopamidol