Leukemic IDH1 and IDH2 mutations result in a hypermethylation phenotype, disrupt TET2 function, and impair hematopoietic differentiation

Cancer Cell. 2010 Dec 14;18(6):553-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.11.015. Epub 2010 Dec 9.

Abstract

Cancer-associated IDH mutations are characterized by neomorphic enzyme activity and resultant 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) production. Mutational and epigenetic profiling of a large acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient cohort revealed that IDH1/2-mutant AMLs display global DNA hypermethylation and a specific hypermethylation signature. Furthermore, expression of 2HG-producing IDH alleles in cells induced global DNA hypermethylation. In the AML cohort, IDH1/2 mutations were mutually exclusive with mutations in the α-ketoglutarate-dependent enzyme TET2, and TET2 loss-of-function mutations were associated with similar epigenetic defects as IDH1/2 mutants. Consistent with these genetic and epigenetic data, expression of IDH mutants impaired TET2 catalytic function in cells. Finally, either expression of mutant IDH1/2 or Tet2 depletion impaired hematopoietic differentiation and increased stem/progenitor cell marker expression, suggesting a shared proleukemogenic effect.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 5-Methylcytosine / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation
  • DNA Methylation*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology*
  • Dioxygenases
  • GATA1 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Gene Regulatory Networks
  • Humans
  • Hydroxylation
  • Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / genetics*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / genetics*
  • MDS1 and EVI1 Complex Locus Protein
  • Mutation*
  • Myeloid Cells / cytology*
  • Phenotype
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology*
  • Proto-Oncogenes
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • GATA1 Transcription Factor
  • GATA1 protein, human
  • MDS1 and EVI1 Complex Locus Protein
  • MECOM protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • 5-Methylcytosine
  • IDH2 protein, human
  • Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
  • IDH1 protein, human
  • Dioxygenases
  • TET2 protein, human