Profiling of CD4+ T cells with epigenetic immune lineage analysis

J Immunol. 2011 Jan 1;186(1):92-102. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000960. Epub 2010 Dec 3.

Abstract

Proper transcriptional control of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses of the immune system is important for a fine-tuned balance between protection and tolerance. Emerging evidence suggests a key role for epigenetic regulation in governing the Th cell differentiation, where effector cytokines direct the overall immune response. In this study, we describe a method to pinpoint the location of isolated human CD4(+) T cells on any T cell effector axis based on specific CpG methylation of cytokine and transcription factor loci. We apply the method on CD4(+) cells obtained from rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis patients and show that synovial fluid infiltrating CD4(+) T cells are committed toward both Th1 and regulatory T cell phenotype, whereas the Th2 response is suppressed. Furthermore, we show that the IL-17A gene is regulated by promoter methylation and that Th17 commitment is not a common feature in the inflamed joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients. We conclude that the method described in this paper allows for accurate profiling of Th lineage commitment in ex vivo-isolated CD4(+) T cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / genetics
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / immunology
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / pathology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Cell Lineage / genetics
  • Cell Lineage / immunology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • DNA Methylation / immunology
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / immunology*
  • Gene Expression Profiling* / methods
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-17 / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-17 / genetics
  • Multiple Sclerosis / genetics
  • Multiple Sclerosis / immunology
  • Multiple Sclerosis / pathology
  • Th1 Cells / immunology
  • Th1 Cells / metabolism
  • Th2 Cells / immunology
  • Th2 Cells / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / biosynthesis
  • Transcription Factors / genetics

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • IL17A protein, human
  • Interleukin-17
  • Transcription Factors