The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of long-term cryopreserved umbilical cord blood (CB) units for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The recovery of the number of total nucleated cell (TNC), hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs; CD34+ cells, colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophages [CFU-GMs]), and the percentage of viable cells, CD34+ CD38- cells, and CD34+ CXCR4+ cells of CB units cryopreserved for 10 years for HCT were examined. Eighteen CB units cryopreserved for 10 years (as the study group) and for 1 month (as the control group), respectively, were analyzed. The recovery rate of TNC, CD34+ cells and CFU-GMs were 88.72 ± 16.40, 68.39 ± 18.37 and 42.28 ± 38.16% for the study group and 80.17 ± 14.46, 72.67 ± 20.38 and 49.61 ± 36.39% for the control group (p = 0.106, p = 0.513 and p = 0.559, respectively). There were no significant differences in the recovery rate of TNC, CD34+ cells and CFU-GMs between the study group and the control group. The mean basal percentage of viable cells, CD34+ CD38- cells, and CD34+ CXCR4+ cells after thawing were 83.69 ± 9.45, 9.11 ± 4.13 and 81.65 ± 10.82% for the study group. These results indicate that long-term cryopreservation does not negatively affect the quality of CB units for HCT.