Reliability and validity of an instrument assessing nurses' attitudes about healthy work environments in hospitals

J Nurs Manag. 2011 Jan;19(1):18-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01135.x. Epub 2010 Oct 20.

Abstract

Aim: To examine the psychometric properties of an instrument used to evaluate the work environment of direct care nurses employed in hospital settings.

Background: Healthy work environments are associated with increased retention and high-quality patient care.

Methods: Items for the instrument were based on the American Association of Critical Care Nurses' standards for a healthy work environment. Six items measured the individual's contribution to the work environment and six measured co-workers' contributions. Each item was graded on a scale from 'A=well above average' to 'F=failing'. The instrument was administered by nurse leaders to 210 direct care nurses in six hospitals.

Results: The Cronbach α was 0.75 for the self-rating subscale and 0.89 for the co-workers rating subscale. Administrators rated their co-workers significantly higher [n=32, mean (M)=2.69, standard deviation (SD)=0.63] than direct care nurses rated theirs (n=209, M=2.31, SD=0.83, P=0.03). Direct care nurses intending to stay in nursing rated co-workers significantly higher (n=170, M=2.35, SD=0.81) than those not intending to stay (n=22, M=1.87, SD=0.81, P=0.01).

Conclusion: The instrument is a feasible, reliable and valid method for assessing the work environment.

Implications for nursing management: The instrument can be used to assess the relationship of the work environment to nurse retention in hospitals.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Attitude of Health Personnel*
  • Clinical Competence
  • Evidence-Based Practice
  • Female
  • Health Facility Environment / organization & administration*
  • Humans
  • Interprofessional Relations
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nurse Administrators / organization & administration
  • Nurse Administrators / psychology
  • Nurse's Role / psychology
  • Nursing Evaluation Research
  • Nursing Methodology Research
  • Nursing Staff, Hospital / organization & administration
  • Nursing Staff, Hospital / psychology*
  • Occupational Health*
  • Principal Component Analysis
  • Psychometrics
  • Self-Assessment
  • Standard of Care
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / standards*
  • Workplace / organization & administration
  • Workplace / psychology*