The effect of mouthguard design on respiratory function in athletes

Clin J Sport Med. 2011 Mar;21(2):95-100. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e31820428b0.

Abstract

Objective: To test the hypothesis that 2 types of custom-made mouthguards will have no effect on ventilation (.V(E), L·min⁻¹), oxygen uptake (.VO₂, mL·kg⁻¹·min·⁻¹), and heart rate (beats per minutes) at varying exercise intensities (10 km·h⁻¹ and 12 km·h⁻¹) and at subjective maximal effort (.VO₂peak) in male field hockey and water polo players.

Design: A randomized, prospective, crossover study.

Setting: The Physiology Testing Laboratory, School of Sports Science, Exercise and Health at the University of Western Australia, a tertiary educational institution.

Participants: Twenty-seven male team-sport athletes.

Interventions: Each athlete participated in 3 experimental exercise sessions separated by 1-week intervals. Testing involved a graded exercise test (GXT) performed on a treadmill wearing either a custom laminated mouthguard with normal palatal surface, a custom laminated mouthguard with palatal coverage up to the gingival margin, or no mouthguard. The experimental trials were performed in a random counterbalanced order.

Main outcome measures: .V(E) (L·min⁻¹) and .VO₂ (mL·kg⁻¹·min·⁻¹) were measured during the GXT at intensities that equated to 10 km·h⁻¹, 12 km·h⁻¹ and subjective maximal effort (.VO₂peak).

Results: There were no significant differences between trials for .V(E) (L·min⁻¹) and .VO₂ (mL·kg⁻¹·min·⁻¹) at any of the intensities assessed (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The wearing of 2 different custom-made mouthguards during a GXT did not impair .V(E) or .VO₂ during varying levels of exercise intensity in team sport athletes.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Athletes*
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Equipment Design
  • Exercise Test
  • Heart Rate
  • Hockey
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mouth Protectors*
  • Oxygen Consumption / physiology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Ventilation / physiology*
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Sports
  • Young Adult